Armed Conflict

Ethiopian government forces entered the regional capital of Tigray in early October after months of military operations, ending years of armed control by the Tigray People’s Liberation Front. The development marks a new phase in Ethiopia’s internal war with deep implications for the wider Horn of Africa, where the long-running conflict has shaped humanitarian conditions, regional diplomacy and the political architecture of Africa’s most populous landlocked country.

Ethiopian federal forces have retaken Mekelle, the capital of the Tigray region, after opposition fighters briefly held the city. Four African heads of state have issued a joint declaration calling for an immediate ceasefire.